What does Thomas Kuhn refer to as 'Normal Science'?

Thomas Kuhn describes 'Normal Science' as a period of scientific development where the scientific community operates under a prevailing paradigm. During this time, scientists engage in research that is largely guided by established theories and methodologies. This phase is characterized by the accumulation of data, refinement of theories, and experimentation that aligns with the accepted framework of the time.

In 'Normal Science', researchers work within the bounds of the existing paradigm, testing and elaborating upon it without questioning the foundational principles. This contrasts with the other concepts that Kuhn discusses, such as revolutionary science, which involves significant shifts in understanding and the questioning of fundamental assumptions. The focus during 'Normal Science' is not on profound breakthroughs but rather on deepening the understanding of a particular scientific model or theory.